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Thus one became a paratrooper of the NVA!
In
the GDR there were militärischerseits, different combat units (pilots
and parachute emergency service times excluded), with those the
parachuting for training belonged. That were certain units of the
Ministry for public security - here the distinction between the
university-formed parachutists, who had for instance the same training
as the paratroopers (it even annually three NCO pupils in the UAZ of
the FJB/LStReg became. to become trained over in her unit group leader)
and a with difficulty transparent component, who jumped in civilian
clothes. These there „ civilians “ we met usually only with our large
summer jump camps in addition, kept ourselves these men covered and had
little contact with us. Or one could do others from the officer school,
but one did not converse about its activity. The KSK – 18 (combat float
command) was disloziiert in the Baltic Sea bath cooling fount. With
these men actually only our blowing up diver course (late clearing-up
course) had to do regularly. With the maneuver „ “ we acted fraternity
in arms 80 together with the combat floats. In the core mine training
centre Klietz dipped our blowing up divers. Side by side with the
combat floats and also in the TLE – 40 (diver frame) contacts developed
for the People's Navy of the GDR to the very secret „ weapon “. The men
whom I personally know learned, was very modest, outstanding trained
full professionals, whom around their task and around itself no large
Brimborium organized.
In each military district (comparable
with an army) there was a SAK (special clearing-up company temporarily;
comparably with the remote scouts of the German Federal Armed Forces).
To them we had regularly contact. One knew oneself from the officer
university and from common activity. In the special clearing-up
companies served beside Offz. and Uffz. also particularly select
soldiers in the basic military service. All were trained in the
parachuting. At the officer university of the ground forces became in
the section MON. - Contactor commanders the future officers of the
paratroopers trained.
First – for instance of center of the 60's
up to the beginning of the actual university education 1972/73 – in a
six month's use training course, in after one approx. 2-jährigen normal
officer training selected officer school candidates were shifted.
Starting from approximately 1972/73 there was then a clearing-up
company, the 2. Company of the section MON. - Contactor commanders.
This sat down from two courses 2. Academic year and in each case 2
courses third and – since the award of the diploma right to the officer
university – the fourth academic year together. The course strength
were appropriate for men, which were naturally selected toward end of
the first academic year according to the capability and fitness
principle and after existing own interest with approximately 25 – 30.
These officer school candidates received 2 starting from that. Academic
year one in large parts other training, than the MON. - Contactor
officer school candidate, thus also parachute jump training. All these
men were used later in the clearing-up units (the regiments, the
clearing-up battalions, the SAK etc.) and with the paratroopers than
young second lieutenants, because each MON. - Protecting or tank
regiment had a clearing-up company, which acted in the tactical depth
of the opponent.
In order to become however soldier with the
paratroopers, one must have completed special training for instance
since 1967/68 with the GST (society for sport and technology). The GST
was a mechanism, which accomplished before-military training in many
ranges. One paid a small member contribution (I believed it was 1.10
Marks in the month) and could to its hobby frönen here. Here palpation
and speech radio operator, motorist (driving licence class 1 and 5 thus
motorcycle and truck – by the way cost only 70 Marks), diver, fliers
(sail and powered flight), sea-men (in addition it a sail school ship
in grab forest even gave), with that large travel accomplished) and
other specialists were trained. That young man, who wanted to carry its
service out with the paratroopers, had to announce himself in the
military district command and commit himself for a minimum service
obligation of three years. Then this man was sent at one the BAZ
(district training centres for aeronautical training), where he usually
enjoyed 2 years the before-military training as the paratrooper over 1
–. Here became except during the winter months (thus Nov. – to Febr.)
ever one week, trained in a kind of kasernierter accommodation,
glass-hard. The teachers were usually former paratroopers. That could
be done to in the morning and in the afternoon training loosely in the
morning with early sport, over the morning appeal.
Into this time
also, the driving school fell, had to be each paratrooper nevertheless
in the possession of the driving licences for motorcycle and truck
(truck closed passenger car in). Solid parachute jump training formed
the heart of this activity. That began with which had to pack each
future paratrooper its main and its emergency parachute. That trained
to nearly the finger crests bled so long. In principle everyone packed
its Sprungschirm and its evacuation equipment. Naturally individual
luggage procedures were removed from experienced teachers, who were
entitled to it.
The future paratrooper had 12 parachute jumps
with automatic opening, i.e. to complete with elevator line - the
layman says „ reissleine “ - as minimum. No additional equipment with
was led. Already with the second jump it meant that the Sprungschüler
should mark the manual opening. The third jump with additional opening
evacuation equipment one jumped. That was a measure of the security,
which was trained, so that - if in air an average arises - to which
Sprungschüler arrives reliably at the earth. This jump was hated. First
of all one could make then, at the otherwise controllable screen not
much to fall except on the Po and secondly had one the evacuation
equipment to again pack. These three first jumps were in the initial
years still single jumps. Starting from the fourth jump jumping off in
the group was then trained. The behavior in air with other Springer was
already taught to the future paratroopers. Starting from that 13. Jump
could accomplish the pupil, if it wanted and were in addition able,
free fall jumps. That could be done loosely with 5 seconds until 10
seconds. If the pupil lay 10 seconds reliably in air and remained
stable also with the manual opening of its screen, it could become
certified the examination for licensees. Here a theoretical and a
practical examination had to be completed. If one had only the license
in the hand, one could call oneself sport Springer, which
Sprungschülern show during the jump operating service a long nose. One
got a sport screen and was solely responsible for its doing.
To
the training an extensive physical training belonged. Here
long-distance runs were trained, overcoming water obstacles (swimming
or lying on a rope), the storm course several times by day (also from
desire or the punishment with small misdemeanours) was overcome. One
had good teachers the first fundamental ideas of close combat was
learned. That could be done naturally with the drop exercises and the
bases of the Judoausbildung loose and ended partly with the fight with
the measurer (from rubber), to different variants of to post-attack and
close combat with spades or fences - Mpi.
Large attention was put
on the training of topographic abilities and surviving in the area.
Expanded marches armed by 15 – 30 km in unknown area, only with compass
and map, were accomplished. The a north of the map and marching after
march direction number then later no more paratrooper needed to learn,
that in meat and blood had changed over. The shooting training was not
like that super. Here 2 – 3 time in the year with the KK rifle or the
KK was shot – Mpi (22-er) at bull's eye/target. Medical training and
radio training in the radio telephony belonged likewise to the bases of
the training.
The high point and conclusion of training was
the match between the district training centres. Here each center
placed to two crews, which set itself from the comrades together, who
began next their military service. This match was divided into three
disciplines.
- Force haven - Klimmziehen and weight pushing (50 kg),
- Group goal jump (here the time was based from the jump to collecting on the land cross of the entire group),
-
Area march 15 – 20 km with completing from stations to time, with which
there were tasks to solve differently (during the solution of these
tasks a time-out was given).
- Topography
- Medical examination
- Overcoming water obstacle by means of rope
- Shooting (if the possibility existed)
- Hand grenade far goal throw
- Creation of the troop protective mask
Winner
was the crew (consisting of ever 4 future paratroopers) those the
highest score had achieved. From today's viewpoint I would like to say:
We young men had, who knew which them wanted, it were highly motivated,
had fun at the thing and were well prepared for the hard service with
the paratroopers. Nearly one could do mine, the before-military
training as the paratrooper was better than some service at troops in
the today's German Federal Armed Forces.
Jörg Kuhnt
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